The Office of Extramural Research at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) conducts periodic podcasts on writing successful NIH grant applications. The latest installment, conducted by NIH director of policy and liaison activities Henry Khachaturian, provides strategies for writing the best possible pre-doctoral or postdoctoral fellowship application. NIH fellowship applications differ from research applications in substantive ways. Although they certainly require a solid research hypothesis, fellowship applications focus more on the applicant, his or her mentor, and the training plan. Trainee candidates need to write about themselves, their strengths, and their weaknesses. Khachaturian encourages candidates both to brag about themselves and to be realistic about their weaknesses. He also stresses that reviewers will be looking for an applicant’s passion for doing research, and the strength of the mentor, who must be well-respected and well-funded (a status that is not often reached by the assistant professor level, so choose your mentor wisely). Candidates from non-research intensive institutions may not have access to an appropriate mentor on campus. NIH Report can serve as an excellent tool for identifying experienced researchers at other institutions who have secured NIH support for research connected to the candidate’s own discipline and area of interest.
Khachaturian’s advice for fellowship applicants can be applied to most any type of federal grant application:
* Assess your career situation. Be explicit about what you want to do after the period of support ends.
* Contact program directors. These individuals are especially open to talking to new investigators. Identify the appropriate contact (at NIH, begin with the contact list for institutes and centers) and send him or her a one- or two-paragraph e-mail to open a dialogue.
* Start early, and give yourself at least three months to write the application.
* Don’t propose too much. New researchers can be tempted to over-promise, submitting far-reaching proposals that do not convince experienced reviewers that all the goals can be achieved.
* Use charts, graphs, headers, and bullets to communicate ideas and provide visual support for the narrative. Reviewers don’t want to read an application with no white space.
* Balance the technical and nontechnical writing, and make sure the abstract (which reviewers read first) contains mostly nontechnical writing. In the case of early-career fellowship applicants, all of these strategies should work toward helping reviewers understand that the fellowship will be an important step in launching the candidate’s career as an independent researcher.